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2	AIA/CES Guideline
3	Learning Objective
4	Introduction to Coatings:
5	Presentation Agenda
6	I) The Anodizing Process
7	What is Anodizing?
8	Oxide Film Structure
9	Anodize Performance
10	Anodizing – Multi-Stage Process Racking Clean Etch Anodizing Coloring (Optional) Seal
11	Anodizing Line
12	Anodizing Process
13	Weld Racking
14	Clamp Racking
15	Fixture Racking
16	Anodizing Process
17	Anodizing Process
18	Oxide Film Structure
19	Anodizing Process – Anodic Coating
20	Anodizing Process - Coloring Points to consider with color created by electro-deposition of tin are: All colors occur in a single tank Color dependant on the amount of tin deposited Amount of tin depends on time in tank Lightest colors are toughest to control
21	Electrolytic Coloring
22	Anodizing Process - Coloring
23	Anodizing Process - Seal
24	Quality Control Analysis
25	Quality Control Tests
26	II) Anodizing Specifications and Performance
27	AAMA Anodizing Specification
28	AAMA Anodizing Specification
29	Industry Product “Labels”
30	Strengths of Anodize
31	Limitations of Anodize Limited color choices Will not hide surface defects on aluminum Finish will vary depending on alloy and trace elements in the aluminum Difficult to match anodized sheet with anodized extrusions Coastal-corrosion
32	Points to Specify for Anodized Finish Refer to AAMA-611-98 Class I or Class II Color - state “2-step electrolytic” Color choice Color consistency range of 5 delta E’s
33	The Painting Process
34	What is Painting? Painting is the application of a protective, decorative organic coating to the surface of a substrate. Spray Coating Method Coil Coating Method
35	Painting – Multi Step Process Racking Pretreat Painting Curing
36	Racking
37	Painting Process
38	Paint Process - Pretreatment Stage 1 – High temperature alkaline clean, etch & de-smut Stage 2 – Ambient rinse Stage 3 – Conversion coating, chrome or chrome-free Stage 4 – Ambient rinse Stage 5 – Final rinse with R.O. water and dry off
39	Pretreatment Process
40	Painting Process
41	Painting Process – Paint Application
42	Automatic Spray Bells
43	Hand Spray Paint Booth
44	Painting Process
45	Painting Process - Curing Achieve through baking in a convection oven Material must reach peak metal temperature (350° F to 450° F) Precision of cure is important for consistent color and gloss
46	The Pigment and Resin are left on the Substrate
47	Painting Process Quality Control Tests
48	Quality Control Tests
49	Quality Control Analysis
50	Test Panels
51	Job Panels are sent to South Florida for weathering tests
52	Paint – Environmental Consideration Solvent vapors (VOC’s) Should be sprayed and cured in 100% enclosed capture area Routed to and destroyed by a thermal oxidizer
53	Paint – Environmental Consideration Chrome Waste Applicator should have wastewater recovery system to minimize waste chrome Hazardous waste disposal procedures must be followed
54	Paint Specifications and Performance
55	AAMA 2603 Paint Specifications
56	2603 Solutions – Baked Enamel Paint Attributes: Very good hardness Achieves AAMA-2603 (only) Low cost Limitations: Poor color and gloss retention Fair chemical resistance Applications: Interior products
57	Baked Enamel Systems
58	AAMA 2604 Paint Specifications
59	2604 Solutions – 50% Kynar 500^®/ Hylar 5000^® Paint Attributes: Good hardness Good color and gloss retention Achieves AAMA-2603 and AAMA-2604 Moderate cost Limitations: Limited gloss range (25% - 35% reflectance) Applications: Cost-sensitive exterior applications
60	50% Kynar 500^®/Hylar 5000^® Systems
61	AAMA 2605 Paint Specifications
62	2605 Solutions – 70% Kynar 500^®/ Hylar 5000^® Paint Attributes: Excellent color and gloss retention Excellent chemical resistance Achieves AAMA 2603, 2604, and 2605 Limitations: Fair hardness Limited gloss range (25% - 35% reflectance) Higher cost Applications: Exterior products Recommended for monumental projects
63	70% Kynar 500^®/Hylar 5000^® Systems
64	Kynar 500^®/Hylar^® Systems
65	Resin system
66	The resin system (binder)
67	Weatherability Chalking Fading
68	What Causes Chalking?
69	Failure in the Resin System Causes Chalking
70	What causes color fade?
71	Example of Color Fade
72	Another Color Fade Example
73	Points to Specify for Painted Finish Refer to AAMA 2605, 2604, or 2603 Name Kynar 500^® or Hylar 5000^® for exteriors State “70% Kynar 500^®/ Hylar 5000^®” Specify “minimum 40 mg/sq ft. chrome pretreatment” to ensure maximum long-term adhesion
74	Environmental Considerations VOC’s –Specify all paint applicators must utilize a solvent capture system and thermal oxidizer Chrome – Specify all paint applicators must use wastewater recovery system to minimize chrome waste, and applicator complies with all hazardous waste disposal regulations
75	Strengths of Paint Vast choice of colors Excellent exterior performance (Kynar 500^®) Field touch-up/repainting Small batch and custom colors fast and cost-effective
76	Limitations of Paint Higher cost Inconsistent appearance of “metallic” paints Susceptible to scratching , especially 70% Kynar 500^® / Hylar 5000^®
77	V) Powder Coating
78	What is Powder Coating
79	Powder Coating Line
80	Points to Specify Uses same AAMA specifications as liquid paint. AAMA 2603, 2604, and 2605
81	Powder Coating Trade Names
82	Strengths of Powder Coating Hardness and scratch-resistance Environmental – Minor VOC emission Large job cost – Equal or slightly less than Kynar 500^®
83	Limitation of Powder Coating Weatherability not yet proven equal to liquid Kynar 500^® / Hylar 5000^® long-term (uses generic fluoropolymer) Small custom color jobs Warranty – more restrictive and limited than Kynar 500^® / Hylar 5000^® paints Metallic coating – can only hold 30% of the metallic flake content that Kynar 500^® / Hylar 5000^® paints can hold Touch-up - air dry paint must be matched in a liquid paint for touch-up and field repairs Samples/Color Matches – no in-house blending of powder coatings, therefore lead-times can be up to 4 weeks
84	VI) Summary Comparison of All Finish Types
85	Finish Performance Comparison Paint & Anodize
86	Thank you for your time and attention It is now time to take the test. Please continue to the next slide
87	Take Test Now